Comparative studies

Manning, S. (Ed.) (1996). Qualifications with a dual orientation towards employment and higher education: a comparative investigation of innovative schemes in seven European countries. INTEQUAL Report I. Berlin: Wissenschaftsforum Bildung und Gesellschaft e.V. (WIFO).  Contributions: - Arman, G., Höghielm, R. & Liljefelt, O., Sweden: Upper secondary education, pp. 49-53;  - Bremer, R. & Kusch, W., Germany: Pilot projects of double qualification, pp. 34-38;  - Brown, A., England: GNVQ, pp. 23-27;  - Eckert, H. & Kirsch, J.-L., France: The Vocational Baccalauréat, pp. 28-33;  - Frøyland, E., Bergli, T. & Larsen, L., Norway: Upper secondary education, pp. 44-48;  - Manning, S., Overview: Characteristics of the schemes, pp. 54-61;  - Manning, S., Focus: Integration of general and vocational education, pp. 81-88;  - Manning, S., Comparative assessment, pp. 89-94;  - Moerkamp, T. & Voncken, E., The Netherlands: MBO, pp. 39-43;  - Thum-Kraft, M. & Jonke-Hauptmann, E., Austria: The WIFI Academies, pp. 18-22.  Manning, S. (Ed.) (1997). Qualifications with a dual orientation towards employment and higher education: a collaborative investigation of selected issues in seven European countries. INTEQUAL Report II. Berlin: Wissenschaftsforum Bildung und Gesellschaft e.V. (WIFO).  Contributions: (Topic studies:) - Arman, G., Bergli, T., Bremer, R., Frøyland, E.,  Heidegger, G., Höghielm, R. , Larsen, L. & Liljefelt, O.: Integrated learning processes, pp.18-48;  - Brown, A., Possible role for synoptic assessment, pp. 49-80;  - Brown, A., Moerkamp, T. & Voncken, E., Facilitating progression to higher education, pp. 81-129; - Eckert, H., Kirsch, J.-L., Kusch, W. & Thum-Kraft, M., Tracing careers, pp. 130-175;  (Comparative study:) - Manning, S., Lessons of mutual learning, pp. 223-233. Brown, A. & Manning, S.(Eds.) (1998). Qualifications for employment and higher education: a collaborative investigation across Europe. Hämeenlinna: University of Tampere (Ammattikasvatussarja; 18).

National case studies (updated summaries in DUOQUAL project)

Arman, G., Höghielm, R. & Liljefelt, O. (1996). "Growing with knowledge": the new upper secondary school reform in Sweden. Stockholm: Institute of Education. Bremer, R. & Kusch, W. (1996). Fachhochschule qualification and vocational certification through a new route of double qualification in Germany. Bremen: ITB; München: ISB. Brown, A. (1996). Attempting to create a 'middle pathway' between vocational and academic routes: a critical review of the introduction and implementation of General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQs) in England. Surrey: University of Surrey. Eckert, H. & Kirsch, J.-L. (1996). The 'Vocational Baccalauréat' in France: between new forms of work organisation and democratisation of education. Marseille: CEREQ. Frøyland, E., Bergli, T. & Larsen, L. (1997). The way forward to qualifications for employment and higher education for all: Reform '94 of upper secondary education in Norway. Oslo: HIAK, Akershus College (Yrkespedagogiske Dokumenter & Rapporter; 25).  Moerkamp, T. & Voncken, E. (1996). Dilemmas on the MBO route to higher education: double qualifications in senior vocational education (MBO) in the Netherlands. Amsterdam: SCO-Kohnstamm Institute.  Thum-Kraft, M. & Jonke-Hauptmann, E. (1996). WIFI-Academies: Connecting learning and training: a new form of specialised and generalised further education for skilled workers. Wien: ibw.

Comparative studies	Lasonen, J. & Manning, S. (1999). How to improve the standing of vocational as against general   education –  a comparative investigation of strategies and qualifications across Europe. A contribution to the CEDEFOP Research Report II. Jyväskylä: Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyväskylä; Berlin: Wissenschaftsforum Bildung und Gesellschaft e.V.  Manning, S. (2000a). Qualifications with a dual orientation towards employment and higher education – a summary of the results of the partnership projects INTEQUAL/DUOQUAL. In: M-L Stenström & J. Lasonen, Strategies for reforming initial vocational education and training in Europe, Jyväskylä: Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyväskylä. Manning, S. (2000b). What can we learn from dually oriented qualifications? Lessons drawn by the LEONARDO partnership DUOQUAL. Berlin: Wissenschaftsforum Bildung und Gesellschaft e.V. (Paper for presentation at ECER 2000 in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK)
National case studies (new partners)	Cooperativa di Studio e Ricerca Sociale Marcella (1999). Continuing education and training: towards a cognitive-based approach. The Italian case study. Lurago Marinone Illeris, K. (1999). General qualification in Danish adult education. Roskilde: Roskilde Universitetscenter Oliveira, D.T., Frazao, L. & Santos, F. (1999). Qualifications with a dual orientation towards employment and higher education in Portugal: the vocational courses of  upper secondary education. Lisbon: Universidade Nova de Lisboa.  Paleocrassas, S., Zacharia, S. & Marneli, L. (1999). An overview of the Hellenic Integrated Multivalent Lyceum. Athens: Pedagogical Institute.  Vicenik, P., Lejcková, K. & Konopásková, A. (1999). Educational programmes with dual qualifications in the Czech Republic. Prague: VUOS.  Virolainen, M. (1999). Qualifications with a dual orientation towards employment and higher education in Finland: the case of the upper secondary education experiment. Jyvaskyla: Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyvaskyla.
Updated summaries of national case studies (old partners)	Arman, G.(1999). Dual qualifications in Sweden. Stockholm: Institute of Education.  Bremer, R. & Kusch, W. (1999). Pilot projects  of double qualification in Germany. Bremen: ITB; München: ISB. Brown, A. (1999). The General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQs) in England. Warwick: University of Warwick. Frøyland, E., Bergli, T. & Larsen, L. (2000). Update: Vocational streams - Norway. Oslo: HIAK, Akershus College.  Moerkamp, T. & Voncken, E. (1999). MBO in the Netherlands. Amsterdam: SCO-Kohnstamm Institute. Thum-Kraft, M. (1999). WIFI-Academies and EURO-BAC. Wien: ibw.
Topic studies (new partners)	Vicenik, P. & Virolainen, M. (1999). The concept of vocational qualifications - changes in the scope of individual VET qualifications considered against the background of different features and educational concepts underlying national VET schemes. Prague: VUOS.  Illeris, K. & Pasti, C. (1999). General skills. Roskilde: Roskilde Universitetscenter; Lurago Marinone: Cooperative Marcella. Frazão, L., Marnelli, L., Paleocrassas, S., Oliveira, T.,  Santos, F., Zacharia, S. (1999). New job skills. Athens: Pedagogical Institute; Lisbon: Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa.
Updated summaries of topic studies (old partners)	Brown, A. & Vicenic, P. (1999). Issues of assessment within vocational education pathways.  Brown, A., Moerkamp, T. & Voncken, E. (1999). Facilitating progression to higher education. Kusch, W. & Thum-Kraft, M. (1999). Tracing careers. Larson, L., Lazar, A. & Arman, J. (2000). Integrated learning processes.