Starting
out from an earlier attempt to describe the broad field of VET and HRD
related research in Europe as a whole (see Areas
of European research in VET and HRD), this page presents the focal
areas of VET/HRD research in each country. The following three areas are
distinguished:
| HRD-LM |
Human
resource development related to the labour market level (associated
with the development of the workforce as a whole, including educational
attainment, skill needs and qualification levels) |
| HRD-O |
Human
resource development related to organisations (corporate level;
mainly concerned with personnel development in the context of human resource
management) |
| VET |
Vocational
education and training, both initial and continuing; also related to
the labour market and to organisations |
As
can be seen from these brief definitions, there is a great deal of overlap
between the three areas. The choice of terms used in individual countries
largely depends on the respective conceptual approach and cultural background.
At the same time, the English terms reflect a diversity of national concepts
which cannot be considered in this analysis. The presentation of major
areas in the map below is based on the evidence provided for each country
in the Overview.
|
DK
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FI
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NO
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SE
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AT
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BE
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BG
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CZ
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EE
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DE
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FR
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HU
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LT
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LV
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IE
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UK
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PL
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RO
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SI
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SK
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CY
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ES
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IT
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MT
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PT
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Focus
of VET/HRD research |
|
I
|
HRD-LM
(broad area) |
|
I
|
VET
and HRD-LM (complementary areas) |
|
I
|
VET
(broad area) and HRD-O (minor, separate area) |
|
I
|
VET
(broad area) |
|
A few
observations can be made: The broad area of VET, partly extended by HRD
related to organisations (as a minor, separate area), is typical of Northern
and Western Europe (AT, BE, DE, DK, FI, FR, IE, NO, SE, UK), but also common
among the other European regions (EE, ES, IT, PT, SI, SK). HRD related
to the labour market is represented as a complementary area in several
Central-Eastern European countries (BG, CZ, HU, LT, LV, PL). In two of
the Southern European countries (CY, MT), the area of HRD related to the
labour market plays the leading role. Altogether, the area of HRD related
to the labour market is associated with development programmes introduced
in the new EU countries.
NOTE:
The Profile of national research is based on a comparative analysis of
selected activities in 25 European countries (see Overview).
This data has been compiled from the national reports prepared by the Cedefop
ReferNet in 2006 and subsequently published by Cedefop (see Introduction
and Reference). |