There
is a great variety of funding sources and arrangements related to VET and
HRD research in European countries. The following analysis is based on
the evidence provided in the national reports (see Overview,
aspect 5). It starts out from selecting a few major indicators of funding:
national and/or EU funding; public or private funding. These are combined
to represent three archetypes of funding, which have been identified across
countries:
-
Mainly
national public funding;
-
National
public funding and EU funding in combination (e.g. ESF);
-
National
public funding, private funding and EU funding in parallel.
The distribution
of these archetypes of funding for research are presented in the map below.
|
DK
|
FI
|
NO
|
SE
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AT
|
BE
|
|
BG
|
CZ
|
EE
|
|
|
DE
|
FR
|
|
HU
|
LT
|
LV
|
|
|
IE
|
UK
|
|
PL
|
RO
|
SI
|
SK
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CY
|
ES
|
IT
|
MT
|
PT
|
|
|
|
| |
Archetypes
of funding for research |
|
I
|
(A)
Mainly national public funding |
|
I
|
(B)
National public funding and EU funding in combination |
|
I
|
(C)
National public funding, private funding and EU funding in parallel |
|
The
regional differences with regard to funding patterns are obvious: While
national public funding (A) is typical of Northern and Western Europe (AT,
BE, DK, ES, FI, FR, NO, SE, UK), the combination of national and EU funding
(B) is a characteristic of Central-Eastern and partly Southern Europe (BG,
CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, PT, RO, SI SK). A mixture of national, private
and EU funding (C) can be found in a few Western and Southern countries
(CY, DE, IE, IT).
Patterns of funding for VET/HRD research are partly determined by socio-economic
frameworks, such as the operation of EU supported developmental programmes
in the new member states. Furthermore, they are influenced by the allocation
of funds for education and training as a whole. Finally, the patterns are
dependent on general arrangements for supporting research (e.g. the role
of public and private foundations).
NOTE:
The Profile of national research is based on a comparative analysis of
selected activities in 25 European countries (see Overview).
This data has been compiled from the national reports prepared by the Cedefop
ReferNet in 2006 and subsequently published by Cedefop (see Introduction
and Reference). |